WASHINGTON, DC.- A vault door marks the entrance to the National Museum of American History’s new Gallery of Numismatics and its inaugural exhibition, “The Value of Money.” Opening July 1, the gallery delves into the National Numismatic Collection (NNC)—one of the Smithsonian’s oldest and most treasured collections—to uncover stories related to the origins, innovations, messages, artistry and allure of money.

“The Value of Money,” is part of the museum’s history-plex of galleries, experiential learning places and performance spaces centered on the theme of innovation. It showcases more than 400 objects from the NNC, some of which are among the rarest in the world. The exhibition links American history to global histories of exchange, cultural interaction, political change and innovation. Thematically organized into five sections, the exhibition allows visitors to learn about the origins of money, new monetary technologies, the political and cultural messages money conveys, numismatic art and design, and the practice of collecting money.

“While ‘The Value of Money’ exhibition honors some of the most monumental currencies in the world, it also allows visitors to connect with the cultural impact money has made in advancing American society into the nation it is today,” said John Gray, director of the museum.

Featured American objects include a storied 1933 Double Eagle, a personal check signed by President James Madison in 1813, a 1934 100,000 dollar note and a Depression-era one dollar clam shell. International artifacts include a 465 BC Decadrachm coin from Syracuse, Sicily, a 14th-century Ming Note from China and a 1626 8 Real Coin from Bolivia, known as a Spanish Piece of Eight.

The museum’s numismatics curators are documenting emerging monetary technologies to show how methods of payment have evolved from coins and paper money to increasingly cashless transactions. One of the recent acquisitions that are included in the exhibition is a small plastic device called a Square Reader. It plugs into a mobile device through an audio jack and processes credit transactions for debit and credit cards. With the use of a mobile application, small and mobile businesses have the ability to process a purchase through a smart phone or tablet with a swipe of a credit card.

Square technology was invented by entrepreneur Jack Dorsey and computer science engineer Jim McKelvey. The idea emerged because McKelvey, who also is a glass artist, was having difficulty accepting large payments for the sale of his artwork. When unable to process credit card payments from his clients, he and Dorsey began working on a portable and inexpensive method of processing debit and credit card sales. A recent donation by Square has provided the NNC with several versions of Square technology.

“Around the world, emerging monetary technologies are increasingly allowing individuals to make payments via their phones, tablets and computers,” said Ellen Feingold, curator of the exhibition. “By changing how people make payments, these new technologies are also affecting how people interact with each other and conduct commerce, both locally and globally.”

The world-class NNC collection of more than 1.6 million objects was made possible by transfers from the U.S. Treasury, the U.S. Mint and the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing as well as through donations from private collectors.